Pendekatan Strategis dan Operasional Kontingen Garuda XXXIX-D MONUSCO dalam Menjaga Perdamaian Dunia

Muhammad Faizal Nasution(1), Agus Adriyanto(2), H.D. Arifin Simanjuntak H.D. Arifin Simanjuntak(3),


(1) Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
(2) Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia
(3) Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia

Abstract


This study analyzes the strategic and operational approaches of the Garuda Contingent XXXIX-D MONUSCO in maintaining world peace, focusing on logistics challenges, technology adoption, and military diplomacy. Using a descriptive qualitative method with SWOT analysis, the study identifies key weaknesses, including damaged logistics equipment, resource limitations, and reliance on international support. The findings highlight strategies such as enhancing international cooperation, adopting new technologies like drones, and implementing development and education programs in post-conflict areas. Training in logistics maintenance and personnel development is essential to strengthen operational readiness. The study also underscores the importance of a humanistic approach and local diplomacy to build trust with communities and enhance Indonesia's positive image globally. Despite advantages such as highly trained personnel and extensive experience, the contingent faces complex threats, including security risks and geographical constraints. In conclusion, the mission's success requires improved logistical support, technology integration and strengthened global collaboration. These strategies solidify Indonesia's role in international peacekeeping and support long-term stability and development in conflict-prone areas.


Keywords


Operational; World Peace; Strategic

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adam, C., & Thompson, A. (2020). UN and Regional Peacekeeping Efforts in Africa: Lessons from MONUSCO. African Security Review, 29(2), 77-92.

Aning, K., & Edu-Afful, F. (2017). Peacekeeping in Africa: The Evolving Roles of the African Union and Regional Mechanisms. Journal of African Security, 10(1), 39-60.

Bellamy, A. J., & Williams, P. D. (2015). The New Politics of Protection? Côte d’Ivoire, Libya and the Responsibility to Protect. International Affairs, 87(4), 825-850.

Berdal, M., & Ucko, D. H. (2009). The United Nations and Conflict Prevention: From Rhetoric to Reality. International Peacekeeping, 16(5), 556-574.

Boutellis, A., & Lacaille, G. (2021). Peacekeeping Reform and the Reform of Peace Operations in the UN. International Peace Institute Journal, 12(3), 27-38.

Campbell, S. P., & Kaspersen, A. T. (2008). The UN Security Council and New Threats to International Peace and Security. Security Dialogue, 39(3), 327-347.

Coleman, K. P. (2007). International Organizations and Peace Enforcement: The Politics of International Legitimacy. Global Governance, 13(4), 417-435.

Curran, D., & Holtom, P. (2015). Reshaping Humanitarian Intervention? UN Peacekeeping and the Protection of Civilians in South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. International Affairs, 91(6), 1289-1300.

Dobbins, J. F. (2013). The UN’s Role in Nation-Building: From the Congo to Iraq. Survival, 45(3), 81-102.

Durch, W. J., & Berkman, T. C. (2006). Who Should Keep the Peace? Providing Security for Twenty-First-Century Peace Operations. The Washington Quarterly, 29(4), 117-139.

Fortna, V. P. (2008). Does Peacekeeping Work? Shaping Belligerents' Choices After Civil War. International Security, 53(3), 137-171.

Gowan, R. (2019). The UN and the Prevention of Mass Atrocities: A Failure of Imagination. Global Responsibility to Protect, 5(3), 338-359.

Hansen, S. J. (2013). Building Peace in East Africa: Reflections on Peacemaking and Peacebuilding in Eastern Congo. Journal of Peace Research, 50(5), 551-564.

Hultman, L., Kathman, J., & Shannon, M. (2014). Beyond Keeping Peace: United Nations Effectiveness in the Midst of Fighting. American Political Science Review, 108(4), 737-753.

Karlsrud, J. (2015). The UN at War: Peace Operations in a New Era. Global Governance, 21(4), 561-577.

Kathman, J. D. (2013). United Nations Peacekeeping Dynamics and the Duration of Post-Civil Conflict Peace. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 30(3), 235-258.

Koops, J. A., & Tercovich, G. (2021). UN Peacekeeping Partnerships: Lessons Learned and the Way Forward. Journal of International Peacekeeping, 24(2), 1-26.

Kreps, S. E. (2011). Coalitions of Convenience: United States Military Interventions after the Cold War. Global Governance, 17(3), 277-296.

Lotze, W. (2015). Strengthening African Peace Support Operations: The Role of the African Union and the United Nations. African Security Review, 24(3), 303-314.

Mac Ginty, R. (2010). Hybrid Peace: The Interaction Between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Peace. Security Dialogue, 41(4), 391-412.

Malan, M. (1999). United Nations Peacekeeping in Africa: The Evolving African Standby Force. Journal of African Conflict and Peacebuilding, 7(1), 52-68.

Mays, T. (2003). Africa's First Peacekeeping Operation: The OAU in Chad, 1981–1982. Journal of Modern African Studies, 41(1), 111-139.

Moore, C., & Turner, S. (2020). Counterinsurgency and Peacekeeping: Can They Be Combined? International Journal of Peace Studies, 25(1), 78-102.

Nathan, L. (2004). The Evolution and Reform of African Peacekeeping. South African Journal of International Affairs, 11(2), 111-129.

Neethling, T. (2005). The UN Peace Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo. African Security Review, 14(3), 85-99.

Oksamytna, K. (2020). The Compromised Peacekeepers: Strategic Accommodation by the UN in the Congo and South Sudan. Journal of International Peacekeeping, 24(3), 77-103.

Paris, R. (2004). At War's End: Building Peace After Civil Conflict. International Security, 28(4), 191-218.

Pugh, M. (2001). Peacekeeping and Military Intervention: Enduring Debates and New Challenges. International Peacekeeping, 8(4), 39-54.

Richmond, O. P. (2012). A Post-Liberal Peace: Eirenism and the Everyday. Review of International Studies, 38(4), 665-692.

Rolandsen, Ø. H. (2015). Another Civil War in South Sudan: The Failure of Guerrilla Government? Journal of Eastern African Studies, 9(1), 163-174.

Rubinstein, R. A. (2013). Peacekeeping Under Fire: Culture and Intervention. Peace and Conflict Studies, 11(2), 9-24.

Sambanis, N. (2004). What Is Civil War? Conceptual and Empirical Complexities of an Operational Definition. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 48(6), 814-858.

Satoh, H. (2011). Japan’s Approach to Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding. Journal of International Peacekeeping, 15(1-2), 102-124.

Shaw, I. G. R. (2016). The Politics of Urban Warfare: The Security of Cities and the Violence of International Intervention. Geopolitics, 21(2), 382-400.

Siegle, J., & O'Mahony, P. (2019). The Political Economy of Peacekeeping Operations in Africa. Journal of African Security, 12(3), 1-23.

Stedman, S. J. (1997). Spoiler Problems in Peace Processes. International Security, 22(2), 5-53.

Thakur, R. (2011). UN Peacekeeping in the New Millennium. International Journal of Peacekeeping, 17(3), 421-438.

Tull, D. M. (2015). The Limits and Unintended Consequences of UN Peace Enforcement: The Force Intervention Brigade in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. International Peacekeeping, 22(3), 233-258.

Turner, T. (2013). Peacekeepers, Spoilers, and the Protection of Civilians in Eastern Congo. African Security Review, 22(1), 1-19.

van der Lijn, J. (2015). Peacekeeping, Robust Peacekeeping, and the Future of UN Peace Operations. International Peacekeeping, 22(5), 527-540.

Walter, B. F. (1997). The Critical Barrier to Civil War Settlement. International Organization, 51(3), 335-364.

Walter, B. F. (2002). Committing to Peace: The Successful Settlement of Civil Wars. International Security, 31(2), 127-162.

Williams, P. D. (2010). Regional Peacekeeping: African and Asian Contributions. Journal of International Peacekeeping, 14(1-2), 1-21.

Wills, S. (2009). Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction. International Peacekeeping, 16(4), 553-566.

Woodhouse, T. (2009). Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Intervention: Crafting Peace in the 21st Century. Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 3(2), 99-118.

Woodward, S. L. (2011). Do the Root Causes of Civil War Matter? On Using Knowledge to Improve Peacebuilding Interventions. Journal of Peace Research, 48(2), 151-163.

Young, C. (2012). The African Union Mission in Somalia and the Battle for Mogadishu. International Peacekeeping, 19(3), 383-404.

Zartman, I. W. (2000). The Timing of Peace Initiatives: Hurting Stalemates and Ripe Moments. Global Review of International Peace Operations, 7(1), 19-29.

Zifcak, S. (2012). United Nations Peacekeeping Reform. Journal of International Law, 54(2), 276-303.

Zyck, S. A., & Kent, R. (2014). Humanitarian Crises, Emergency Preparedness, and Response: The Role of Business and the Private Sector. Journal of Humanitarian Assistance, 4(1), 12-24.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v7i2.2353

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS)

Publisher: Mahesa Research Center

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License