Islam and Adat Minangkabau: The Implementation of the Principle Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah within the Bundo Kanduang Organization in Minangkabau, 2000–2018

Butiras Falah(1), Himayatul Ittihadiyah(2),


(1) Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga
(2) Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga

Abstract


The Bundo Kanduang Organization represents a prominent women’s institution in Minangkabau society that plays a crucial role in preserving customary law and cultural identity, particularly through the implementation of the philosophical foundation Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah. This study aims to examine the historical background of the organization’s establishment and analyze the strategies employed in maintaining and transmitting these values within the community. The research applies Bronislaw Malinowski’s functionalist theory to assess the social functions of the organization. Employing the historical method within a qualitative research framework, the study follows the stages of heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Data were collected from literature reviews, historical documents, and interviews with traditional leaders and members of Bundo Kanduang. The findings reveal that the Bundo Kanduang Organization functions not only as a custodian of customary law but also as a center of moral and ethical guidance for Minangkabau women and the younger generation. Through its matrilineal kinship system, the organization assumes a strategic role in transmitting Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah values via training, cultural education, and community-based programs. These strategies firmly position Bundo Kanduang as a pivotal institution in sustaining the continuity of Minangkabau customary law rooted in this philosophical foundation.

Keywords


Bundo Kanduang; cultural preservation; customary law; functionalism; Minangkabau

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdurrahman, D. (2011). Metodologi Penelitian Sejarah Islam. Ombak.

Alfurqan, A., Zein, Z., & Salam, A. (2019). Implementasi Khazanah Surau terhadap Pendidikan Islam Modern. TARBAWY : Indonesian Journal of Islamic Education, 6(2), 127–141. https://doi.org/10.17509/t.v6i2.20211

Alikhsan, R., & Yenti, E. (2023). Minangkabau Ethnic Women and the Shadows of Patriarchy Perspective of Customary Law and Islamic Law. Mazahibuna, 5(2), 166–182. https://doi.org/10.24252/mazahibuna.vi.39207

Amaliatulwalidain, A. (2016). Dinamika Representasi Peran Politik Bundo Kanduang dalam Sistem Pemerintahan Nagari Moderen dari Representasi Substantif Menuju Representasi Formal Deskriftif. Jurnal Pemerintahan Dan Politik, 1(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.36982/jpg.v1i1.692

Amin, I. (2022). Implementasi Hukum Islam dalam Falsafah Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah di Minangkabau. IJTIHAD, 38(2), 107. https://doi.org/10.24036/JH.V12I2.4030

Arifin, Z. (2012). Buru Babi: Politik Identitas Laki-laki Minangkabau. Humaniora, 24(1), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.22146/JH.1037

Ashadi, A. (2019). Negotiation of Tradition, Islam, and Modernity in The Movement of The Kaum Mudo Islamic Reform in Minangkabau. TEOSOFI: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam, 9(1), 30–59. https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2019.9.1.30-59

Awwali, M. (2015). Pelangi di Minangkabau. LPTIK.

Defrinal, D., Nasor, M., Karni, A., & Mukmin, H. (2019). Partisipasi Masyarakat Minangkabau pada Implementasi Program Pariwisata dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Islam. Khazanah: Jurnal Sejarah Dan Kebudayaan Islam, 131–146. https://doi.org/10.15548/khazanah.vi.234

Devi, E. S. (2014). Kedudukan dan Peranan Bundo Kanduang dalam Sistem Kekerabatan Matrilineal di Minangkabau. Balai Pelestarian Nilai Budaya.

Fardius, Y. E. (2017). Nilai-Nilai Filosofis ABS-SBK di Minangkabau. Majalah Ilmu Pengetahuan Dan Pemikiran Keagamaan Tajdid, 20(2), 62–72. https://doi.org/10.15548/tajdid.v20i2.76

Febrianty, Y., Rohaedi, E., Hosnah, A. U., & Wijaya, M. M. (2023). The Local Government Concept to Protect the Value of Community Cultural Traditions (Pariaman West Sumatra) in Regional Regulations. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development, 11(3), e434. https://doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i3.434

Hafizah, H., Ananda, A., Fatimah, S., & Ilham, M. (2021). Implementation of ABS SBK Value in Life of Minangkabau People. European Journal of Education Studies, 8(7), 220–230. https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v8i7.3817

Hakimy, I. (1994). Pegangan Penghulu Bundo Kanduang dan Pidato Alua Pasambahan Adat Minangkabau. PT Remaha Rosdakarya.

Herlina, N. (2020). Metode Sejarah. Satya Historika.

Jamil, M. (2016). Bundo Kanduang di Minangkabau.

Marpuah, M. (2014). Manajemen Konflik Keagamaan: Kearifan Lokal dalam Upaya Resolusi Konflik Keagamaan di Sumatera Barat. Turãst: Jurnal Penelitian & Pengabdian, 2(1), 36–52. https://doi.org/10.15548/turast.v2i1.391

Mony, W., Hidayah, N., & Wahyuni, F. (2022). Penerapan Konseling Berbasis Budaya Minangkabau di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah Bimbingan Konseling Undiksha, 13(3), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.23887/jibk.v13i3.42307

Rahmat, A. (2020). Rekognisi dan Reposisi Aktor dalam Asimilasi Hukum Lama di Nagari (Baru) Sumatera Barat. Indonesian Journal of Religion and Society, 2(2), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.36256/ijrs.v2i2.106

Rifki, A. A., Putra, I., S, N., & Dewi, S. F. (2024). Pembinaan Nilai-Nilai Adat terhadap Anak Kemenakan oleh Ninik Mamak. Journal of Education, Cultural and Politics, 4(1), 174–180. https://doi.org/10.24036/jecco.v4i1.375

Ritonga, A. (2024). Mengulas Makna Adat Basandi Syarak Syarak Basandi Kitabullah (ABSSBK) Dalam Masyarakat Minangkabau. Hukum Dan Masyarakat Madani, 14(1), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.26623/HUMANI.V14I1.8228

Rusyaida, R., Marh, N. F., Taufiq, M., Fadhli, M., & Sabri. (2024). Initiatives for Religious Moderation in West Sumatra. ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 25(2), 60–75. https://doi.org/10.14421/esensia.v25i2.5837

Sriwardona, Rohimah, Masyhudi, F., Mutathahirin, & Kamal, M. A. M. bin. (2024). Children’s Education is Based on Adat Basandi Syarak Basandi Syarak Kitabullah In Indonesian and Malaysia. Afasa International Conference on Islamic Education, 1(1), 177–183. https://jurnal.penerbitafasapustaka.com/index.php/aicie/article/view/169

Sulistyati, M. (2024). Women’s Morals or Customary Panopticism? Re-examining the Sumbang Duo Baleh in Minangkabau, West Sumatra, Indonesia. JSW (Jurnal Sosiologi Walisongo), 8(2), 149–162. https://doi.org/10.21580/JSW.2024.8.2.22687

Suryani, I., Yulnetri, Y., Amrina, A., Nengsih, I., & Randawar, D. K. (2023). Reformulation of Bundo Kanduang’s Role in Solving Domestic Violence Cases. Jambura Law Review, 5(2), 199–219. https://doi.org/10.33756/jlr.v5i2.19172

Yulika, F. (2017). Epistimologi Makna Pengetahuan dalam Filsafat Adat Minangkabau. Institut Seni Indonesia.

Yunarti, S. (2017). Pemberdayaan Lembaga Bundo Kanduang di Nagari Melalui Kebijakan Pembangunan yang Responsif Gender. Kafa`ah: Journal of Gender Studies, 7(2), 221. https://doi.org/10.15548/jk.v7i2.178

Yusutria, Y., Nuryana, Z., Charles, C., Hopid, A., Yuherman, Y., & Febriana, R. (2021). The Works and Thoughts of Rahmah El-Yunusiyah as “Bundo Kanduang”: Towards Modernity in Women Education Within an Islamic Education Perspective. ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 22(2), 155–167. https://doi.org/10.14421/esensia.v22i2.2508

Zainuddin, M. (2010). Implementasi Pemerintahan Nagari Berdasarkan Hak Asal Usul Adat Minangkabau. Ombak.

Zainuddin, M. (2016). Serba-Serbi Adat Minangkabau. Ombak.

Zainuddin, M. (2019). ABS SBK Filosofi Warga Minangkabau. Ombak.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.34007/warisan.v6i2.2801

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Butiras Falah, Himayatul Ittihadiyah

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Warisan: Journal of History and Cultural Heritage
Published by Mahesa Research Center
E-mail: warisan.journal@gmail.com

This work is licensed under CC BY 4.0